Preventing and controlling water pipe smoking: a systematic review of management interventions
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract Background Water pipe smoking (WPS) is re-gaining widespread use and popularity among various groups of people, especially adolescents. Despite different adverse health effects WPS, many the WPS interventions have failed to control this type tobacco smoking. This study was conducted identify experienced management in preventing controlling worldwide. Methods A systematic literature review conducted. Electronic databases were searched for recordes which published from beginning 1990 August 2018. Studies aiming at evaluating, least, one intervention included review, followed by performing quality assessment data extraction eligible studies two independent investigators. Finally, that identified content analysis process discussed classified into relevant categories. Results After deleting duplications, 2228 out 4343 retrieved records remained 38 selected as main corpus present study. Then, 27 grouped four categories including preventive (5, 18.51%) (8, 29.62%) interventions, well enactment implementation legislations policies national (7, 25.92%) international levels. Conclusion The current enforced are not supported rigorous evidence. Informed school-based adolescents can lead promising results decreasing important social crisis global arena.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: BMC Public Health
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['1471-2458']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10306-w